Good morning!
The Four Holy Truths are problem solving methods: problem, cause, solution, and application/practice. Our life problem is suffering, duk-kha, wrong-going (against the grain: wish). Our life in suffering is illustrated in the schema of Twelvefold Interdependent Co-origination, awakened to by the Buddha. Though there was a tradition that claimed there were Seven Buddhas, culminating in the Buddha Gotama, who were awakened to the Tenfold I.C., Gotama stipulated that living beings are karma-owners, etc., and that his awakening was in solving the Twelvefold I.C.
The cause of suffering is wish (craving, lit., thirst, taṅhā in the 12 I.C., and lust, kāma, in the four leaks). Wish can be lust for, or hatred (divisiveness, view, one of the four leaks) against, or delusion (becoming, identifying as I, etc., one of the four leaks), which comes from nescience, lit., no-witness, a-vijjā, one of the the four leaks – the Triple Poisons in a wider sense. The root cause of these is nescience, no-witness of nirvana, no-wind of karma – animals instantly appropriate or identify, upādāna, their bodies as their properties, humans as egos by conception.
The solution is witnessing nirvana – no nescience, no three poisons, no karma. The four stages of zen, chan, jhāna, dhyāna, shows this very well – cessation of conceptions, emotions represented by the five coverings, volitions represented by the four leaks, which are together identified as nirvana. Za-zen, sitting meditation, stills karma, but not all karmas like breathing, heart-beat, etc. Thus, so long as we live, we live in the karma world in conventional, vohāra, dealing, or sammuti, consensus, truth. Buddhas, therefore, must be bodhisattvas in their daily dealings.
The application is usually identified as the Eightfold Holy Paths/Ways, which is for lay people, as right livelihood indicates. The Sevenfold Awakening Limbs lacking this item are for renunciants who don’t hold jobs for a living. Both of them include the Triple Learnings of morality (right speech, action, livelihood), sīla, lit., solid character, concentration (right mindfulness, striving, samādhi), samādhi, and prognosis (right view, thinking), prajňā, which all Buddhists must learn to attain nirvana/awakening and live with all as mitras, friends, sharing all of these.
December 29, 2018 Dharma talk
お早うございます！
四聖諦は問題解決法です：問題・原因・解決・適用/実行という。私達の問題は苦（duk-kha: 悪–行：欲に逆行)です。私達の苦の生はブッダ（仏陀：覚者）により覚醒され十二支縁起で表示されています。ゴータマ・ブッダが最後の過去七仏は十支縁起に覚醒したという伝えもありますが、ゴータマは衆生は業所有者などであり覚醒は十二支縁起を解決することであると示されました。
苦の原因は願望（十二支縁起ではtaṅhā :渇愛、四煩悩ではkāma愛欲）です。願望は広い意味では何かの愛欲、何かの憎悪（差別、四煩悩の一つ見解）、あるいは迷妄（四煩悩の一つである我などの生成・同一視：四煩悩の一つである無明、a-vijjā: 無体験）であり－これらは三毒です。これらの根本原因は無明、業の無風である涅槃の無体験です－動物は即刻自分の身体を自分の所有物として領有しあるいは同一視、upādāna：執着、しますが人間は観念により自我とします。
解決は涅槃の体験－無明・三毒・業の無です。禅、chan, jhāna, dhyāna,
の四段階はこれを非常によく示しています－観念・五蓋に代表される感情・四煩悩に代表される意志の滅、が涅槃であると示されています。坐禅は業の鎮静化ですが呼吸・心拍などすべての業を止めるのではありません。だから生きている限り、世俗、vohāra, 世業、賛同、sammuti, 合意真理（諦）の業世界に生きます。だからブッダも日常の世事では菩薩とならなければなりません。
応用は通常八聖道とされますが、正生業が示すように在家の為のものです。これを欠く七覚支は生業を持たない出家の為のものです。両者共に戒、sīla, 性格確固（正語・正行・正業）定、samādhi, 集中（正念・正精進・正定）慧、prajňā、般若（正見・正思）を含み、涅槃・覚醒を得る為にすべての仏教徒が学び、これらを皆と共に分かち友として生きるものです。
2018共通年１２月２９日 法話
The above pictures were taken and sent from Shimoda, Japan
by Mr. Noriyuki Otsuka